In
Fair Play:
Catalyzing
Economic Change Through Fair Trade
Here in the
United States we are experts in gluttony. Before children can
even talk, companies vie to win their brand loyalty with appealing
logos, jingles and the promise that their product will bring more
fun and happiness. The decision-makers in Washington D.C are well
aware of the fact that people in the United States have become
addicted to the many different products and services that can
be purchased with relative ease from the far reaches of the world.
Indeed, the battle for resources is unfolding around us, whether
it be for oil in the Middle East, minerals in Guatemala, or coffee
in Chiapas, Mexico, lives are being lost and families broken apart
because of the ceaseless desire for more.
The good news
is that we have unlimited access to the most powerful instrument
of change – purchasing power. By consuming thoughtfully,
we can affect change by supporting businesses who are committed
to more than simply accumulating wealth. In Traverse City, for
example, the opportunities to use purchasing power to catalyze
change are becoming easier all the time. By The Light of Day Tea
and our company – Higher Grounds Trading Co. – are
committed to 100% fair trade business models by sourcing solely
organic and fair trade coffees and teas. Food For Thought –
a local company that makes organic wine preserves and wild leek
products – is currently piloting a domestic fair trade project
that may help establish standards for the domestic fair trade
industry. You can visit Nichole Manning and Vickie Kinney at the
Unity Fair Trade Marketplace behind Union Street Station for a
variety of fair trade crafts and foodstuffs, including pottery
from Nicaragua and Peru, quilts from Guatemala and India and hand-carved
drums from Ghana.
Nichole, one
of the proprietors of Unity, shares her thoughts on Fair Trade:
“If we truly want to see change in the world, we can't just
talk about it. We need to actually be that change – do something
to make the world a better place. We make choices every day that
effect others and the world, and it's up to us to make the choice
to help, not to hurt.”
It is due to
this unrelenting commitment “not to hurt” in our struggle
to earn a livelihood that so many business owners and consumers
have joined the international fair trade movement. The guiding
principle behind fair trade is this: If you have a personal relationship
with someone with whom you are exchanging goods it is highly unlikely
that one party will be exploited by the other. It is, in fact,
more likely that both of you will leave the interaction pleased
with the outcome. For example, at Higher Grounds Trading Co. we
trade coffee for a weekly share of flowers and fruit from Meadowlark
Farms. Because we have a good relationship with John and Jenny
of Meadowlark, it is easy to agree upon an acceptable swap of
coffee for fruit and flowers. This most basic form of fair trade
is based on neighborliness, an act most of us are eager to emulate.
The birth of
the current fair trade system in the 1950s was based on this philosophy
of caring for your neighbors. After spending many years in the
field as missionaries, Mennonite groups began purchasing crafts
direct from artisans, paying them a decent wage, and committing
to help them over the long-term by expanding their marketplace
opportunities. The idea continued, facilitated primarily by Christian
groups for a few decades. Eventually, the Fair Labeling Organization
(FLO) was formed in 1997 to act as the official governing body
of fair trade. In the United States, TransFair USA – a non-profit
organization that reports directly to FLO – and the Fair
Trade Federation certify that companies meet fair trade criteria
that include:
- Paying a
fair wage in the local context.
- Offering
employees opportunities for advancement.
- Providing
equal employment opportunities for all people, particularly
the most disadvantaged.
- Engaging
in environmentally sustainable practices.
- Being open
to public accountability.
- Building
long-term trade relationships.
- Providing
healthy and safe working conditions within the local context.
- Providing
financial and technical assistance to producers whenever possible.
With the advent of the internet and its increasing popularity
in the ‘90s, information about exploitative trade practices
spread quickly. Americans noticed that the liberal economic policies
espoused by Reagan, Thatcher, and now the Bush regime are slanted
to benefit the world's wealthy minority while the poor majority
continue to struggle with poverty and it's implications, domestically
and abroad. At least in part due to this change of consciousness,
the Fair Trade movement exploded in Europe and, later, in the
United States.
The Fair Trade
system, still in its infancy, is a means to reduce and eventually
eliminate poverty. Fair Traders have witnessed the “invisible
hand” of the free market reap huge profits for companies
at this end of the supply chain at the expense of the farmers
and manufacturers. While free marketers sit in their cozy offices
in New York City singing the praises of “barrier-free”
trade, the poorest of the world don't have any say in this system.
If Jose Ramon in Chiapas has a cash crop to sell, like coffee,
sugar or bananas, he is at the mercy of the coyotes (middlemen
who come to the remote villages to collect coffee). Without a
level playing field and advocacy on the part of the producers,
their fate is out of their hands.
Fair Trade gives
decision-making power back to the producers/artisans so that they
are equal partners in the trade. By forming co-ops in the coffee
industry, each farmer is an equal owner of his/her coffee-producing
organization and, thus, has the opportunity to share ideas and
thoughts about farming practices, accounting methods, exportation
issues, contracts, etc. When coffee farmers work for plantations
or manufacturing facilities, they are little more than indentured
servants, sometimes receiving a decent wage, sometimes not. In
countries without strict labor laws, there is no certainty that
the farmers (usually working as day laborers) are treated well
or listened to.
The fair trade
industry is the best way to ensure that wealth and decision-making
are shared along the entire supply chain. There are many companies
in the United States who are attempting to discredit the fair
trade movement. Of course, many of the naysayers simply don't
want to pay high minimum prices even when world market prices
are down. And often companies don't want to commit to long-term
relationships with producers because they want the freedom to
change suppliers if they can find a lower price elsewhere. All
of this is antithetical to fair trade. In the case of coffee,
fair trade means committing to paying a livable wage for green
beans, despite the world market ups and downs, because it's the
humane thing to do. The producers can then focus on farming instead
of being distracted by stress over how they will find money to
eat. And by creating long-term relationships with farmers, the
partnership evolves into one that is mutually beneficial for both
parties; farmers know they'll have a market for their product
and give preference to this relationship by providing their highest
quality beans. At our end, we have a secure source for the best
quality green beans and, as a result, happy customers that keep
returning. It's a win-win.
And while fair
trade provides a solid set of minimum standards by which to operate,
the standards are not an end unto themselves. At Higher Grounds
Trading Co, we pay $.20/lb or more above the fair trade price
for green beans and we've pushed the envelope by developing relationships
with farmers via regular visits and ongoing communications. To
increase awareness about trade and agriculture issues, we lead
customers on annual delegations to visit farmers. Owners of 100%
fair trade businesses, because of their commitment to humane practices,
are the trend-setters in “greening” the workplace
and promoting fair employment practices here at home. From using
only post-consumer recycled papers to providing employees with
wellness plans to delivering coffee by bikes or biodiesel-fueled
vehicles, fair traders are showing that we can change “business
as usual”.
Through choices
you make with your purchasing power, you can support those of
us who seek authentic change, or you can affirm those who have
been dictating our nation's economic, and thus political, agenda
for way too long.
Visit www.fairtrade.net
for more information on fair trade labeling.
Jody
Treter and her husband Chris own and operate Higher Grounds Trading
Company, order their coffee online at www.javaforjustice.com
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